Straight answers
The questions readers ask most about crashes, claims and disputes, answered in a few sentences, each with the page that has the detail.
About Valoroath and the coverage review
Is Valoroath an insurance company or an agency?
No. Valoroath is an independent educational site about car crashes and insurance claims. It is not an insurer, an insurance agency, a claims adjuster, a public adjuster or a law firm, and it does not sell, quote or bind insurance. See about Valoroath.
How does Valoroath make money?
Licensed insurance agents and insurers working with Valoroath pay for coverage review requests sent through the form at coverage review. That payment doesn't change what our pages say. The details are in how we make money.
What happens after I request a coverage review?
Licensed insurance agents or insurers working with Valoroath may contact you by phone, text or email about your coverage. You don't have to buy anything, and a coverage review is not a review of your claim.
Can Valoroath help with my claim?
No. We can't handle, review or advise on a specific claim. For your claim, contact your insurer, your state insurance department (see how to file a complaint) or a licensed attorney in your state.
How do I stop calls or texts?
Reply STOP to any text, or email [email protected] or use the contact page, and we will pass your request to the agents and insurers that received your request. Under FCC rules, callers must honor it within a reasonable time, no more than 10 business days.
How do you check the facts on this site?
We use state statutes and regulations, insurance departments, NAIC model laws and federal agencies, and date each check. See our methodology, the editorial policy and recent law and rule changes.
After a crash
Do I have to call the police after a minor crash?
Call 911 if anyone is hurt. Otherwise it depends on your state: every state requires a report when someone is injured or killed, and many also require one when damage passes a dollar amount. See when to call the police and your state in claim rules by state.
What should I get from the other driver?
Their name, phone number, insurer and policy number, driver's license number, and the car's plate, make and model. Photograph their insurance card and the scene. The full list is in information to exchange after an accident.
How soon do I have to tell my insurer?
Your policy asks for prompt notice of any accident, even one you don't plan to claim, and some policies set a shorter limit for hit-and-run crashes. A late report can give the insurer a reason to question the claim. See reporting an accident to your insurer.
Should I file a claim for a small fender bender?
Compare the repair cost with your deductible and with how much a claim could add to your premium over the next few years. The claim or pay calculator runs the numbers, and paying without a claim covers what to put in writing with the other driver.
What if the other driver drives off or has no insurance?
Report a hit-and-run to the police right away, then claim under your uninsured motorist or collision coverage. Read hit-and-run accidents and an accident with an uninsured driver.
How claims work
Should I claim with my insurer or the other driver's?
If the other driver was at fault, you can claim against their liability insurance and pay no deductible, or use your own collision coverage, which is often faster, and let your insurer collect from them later. See first-party vs. third-party claims.
Do I have to give a recorded statement?
Your own policy usually requires you to cooperate with your insurer, which can include a statement. The other driver's insurer has no contract with you, so you can decline or answer in writing. See giving a recorded statement.
How long does the insurer have to answer?
It depends on your state. The NAIC model rule many states follow asks insurers to acknowledge a claim within 15 days and to accept or deny it within 21 days after proof of loss, or to explain in writing why they need more time. Your state's deadlines are in claim rules by state.
When is a car a total loss?
When repairs would cost more than it makes sense to pay compared with the car's actual cash value. Some states set a percentage, often 75%; others leave it to the insurer's formula. See total loss claims or try the total loss calculator.
Can I choose my own repair shop?
Usually, yes. Many states let you pick any licensed shop, and an insurer may suggest its network shops but not make you use them. See choosing a repair shop and parts.
Will my insurer pay for a rental car?
Only if you bought rental reimbursement coverage, and only up to its daily and total limits. If the other driver was at fault, their insurer usually owes a reasonable rental. See rental reimbursement and the rental coverage calculator.
When you disagree
The offer seems too low. What can I do?
Ask in writing for the estimate or valuation report behind it, then answer with your own evidence: shop estimates, comparable cars for sale near you, receipts for recent work. See a lowball settlement offer and disputing a total loss valuation.
My claim was denied. What now?
Ask for the denial in writing with the policy provision it relies on, which the NAIC model rule requires. Check that provision against your policy, send any missing facts, and ask for a review. See a denied claim.
What is the appraisal clause and when does it help?
It settles disagreements about the amount of a car damage loss, not about coverage. Each side hires an appraiser, an umpire decides what they can't agree on, and you pay your own appraiser. See the appraisal clause.
How do I complain to my state?
File a complaint with your state insurance department, online or by mail, with your claim number and copies of your letters. It is free, and the department asks the insurer for a written response. See filing a complaint.
When should I talk to a lawyer?
When you were seriously hurt, when the deadline to sue is getting close, or when you think the insurer acted in bad faith. Bad faith is a legal claim that depends on your state's law, so talk to a licensed attorney in your state. See insurance bad faith.